Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an acute febrile disease affecting ruminants and humans caused by a virus of the genus Phlebovirus. Rarely, the disease can cause hemorrhagic fever and meningoencephalitis. The RVF has been reported in regions of eastern and southern Africa, and more recently in Niger. However, to date, no autochthonous cases or outbreaks of RVF have been reported in the European Union (EU).